Clinical Samples
Participants and Clinical Data
ELISA for SARS-CoV-2 IgG
Statistical Analyses
Patient and Public Involvement
Staff at St. George’s Hospital used Sigma Virocult (MWE, https://www.mwe.co.uk) to collect nose and throat swab samples from patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection; we prepared the samples with RNA extraction kits (Roche Molecular Systems Inc., https://www.lifescience.roche.com). We confirmed infection with the RealStar SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Kit selective for the S and E genes (Altona Diagnostics GmbH, https://www.altona-diagnostics.com) or cobas SARS-CoV-2 Test selective for the E gene and open reading frames 1ab (Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.).