植物科学

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a widely cultivated crop worldwide that serves as a model system for fruit development studies. Agrobacterium tumefaciens–mediated transformation of tomato has played a central role as a tool for analyzing the function of candidate genes and producing transgenic lines with enhanced resistance to pathogens, tolerance to abiotic stresses, and improved fruit quality traits. Among the many tomato varieties, the miniature dwarf cultivar Micro-Tom (MT) has been increasingly adopted as a model system for tomato research due to its short life cycle, small size, and high transformation efficiency. This protocol outlines a replicable methodology for A. tumefaciens–mediated transformation of Micro-Tom from cotyledon explants, utilizing cost-effective plant growth regulators for shoot regeneration, high transformation rates, reduced regeneration time, and enhanced rooting conditions.

This protocol outlines a reliable method for the micropropagation of Nicotiana benthamiana using axillary shoot branching. Axillary shoot induction involves stimulating the outgrowth of dormant buds located at the leaf axils, allowing for the development of genetically stable shoots without callus formation or the use of exogenous plant growth regulators. Nodal explants are cultured on MS medium supplemented with kinetin and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to induce shoot formation. Isolated shoots are then transferred to hormone-free MS medium for rooting. This method is simple, reproducible, and supports rapid plant multiplication for downstream applications such as agroinfiltration or transient protein expression.

To prepare Hevea brasiliensis plantations, selected planting material is propagated by grafting using illegitimate seedlings as rootstocks, whose paternal genotype is unknown. Recent advances in rubber tree in vitro cloning propagation open the possibility of using these techniques to supply new planting material. Micrografting is a promising technique to speed up the preparation of plant material for rootstock–scion interaction studies. This article describes the implementation of an efficient micrografting technique from Hevea in vitro plants from clone PB 260. The procedure combines several conditions to preserve the root system and the grafted scion and to prevent any breakage of rootstock buds. This technique paves the way for clonal propagation and holds potential for further development on other rubber clones for further studies on the interaction between rootstock and scion.